| Treatment |
Indication |
Dose |
| Nonselective Beta-Blockers |
Drugs like propanonol
and nadolol can help prevent bleeding in patients
who develop enlarged veins in the esophagus (varices). |
Dose should be adjusted to achieve
a 25% decrement in resting heart rate or a
heart rate of 55 to 60 beats per minute.
|
| Diuretics |
Drugs that increase
urination such as hydrochlorothiazide can decrease
fluid build-up in the belly, which helps prevent
an infection in the belly (spontaneous bacterial
peritionitis). |
|
| Cefotaxime |
This is the antibiotic
used most commonly to treat infections that develop
from fluid build-up in the belly (spontaneous
bacterial peritionitis). |
2 grams by intravenous
administration every 8 hours for 5 or more days.
|
| Albumin |
Also given to patients
who develop infections from fluid build-up in
the belly (spontaneous bacterial peritionitis). |
1.5 gram per kg of
body weight by intravenous administration on day
one followed by 1 gram per kg of body weight by
intravenous administration on day 3.
|
| Lactulose |
Helps reduce confusion
caused by cirrhosis. |
45 – 90 grams
by mouth daily titrated to achieve 2-3 soft stools
per day.
|
| Midodrine |
The combination of
midodrine with octreotide is indicated in patients
who develop kidney disease from cirrhosis (hepatorenal
syndrome). |
7.5-12.5 mg by mouth
three times a day.
|
| Octreotide |
The combination of
midodrine with octreotide is indicated in patients
who develop kidney disease from cirrhosis (hepatorenal
syndrome). |
100-200 mcg by subcutaneous
administration three times a day. |
| |
|
 |
| Medication |
Reasons not to take
this medicine |
Side-effects |
| Ampicillin |
If you have an allergy
to ampicillin, any penicillin, or any other part
of this medicine.
|
- Nausea or vomiting. Small
frequent meals, frequent mouth care, sucking
hard, sugar-free candy, or chewing sugar-free
gum may help.
- Diarrhea. Yogurt may help.
- For females, vaginal yeast infection. Report
itching or discharge.
|
| Gentamicin |
If you have an allergy
to gentamicin or any other part of this medicine. |
- Worsening kidney
function. - Change in hearing can rarely occur.
|
| Piperacillin-Tazobactam |
If you have an allergy
to piperacillin, tazobactam sodium, or any other
part of this medicine. |
- Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent
meals, frequent mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free
candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. -
Diarrhea. Yogurt may help.
- For females, vaginal yeast infection. Report
itching or discharge. |
| Levofloxacin |
- Do not give this
medicine to a child younger than 18 years of age.
- If you have an allergy to levofloxacin or
any other part of this medicine.
- Tell healthcare provider if you are allergic
to any medicine. Make sure to tell about the
allergy and how it affected you. This includes
telling about rash; hives; itching; shortness
of breath; wheezing; cough; swelling of face,
lips, tongue, or throat; or any other symptoms
involved.
- If you are pregnant or may be pregnant.
- If you are breast-feeding.
|
Oral:
- Belly pain. - Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent
meals, frequent mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free
candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help.
-Diarrhea. Yogurt may help.
Tendons can rarely get irritated and tear.
Eye:
- Headache.
- Sore throat.
- Short-term discomfort after use.
- Bright lights may be irritating. Use sunglasses.
- Blurred vision. Use caution when driving
or doing other tasks that require you to have
clear vision.
|
| Propanolol |
- If you have an allergy
to propanolol or any other part of this medicine.
- If you have any of the following conditions:
Severely weakened heart or slow heartbeat without
a working pacemaker.
If you are more than 12 weeks pregnant.
|
- Feeling lightheaded, sleepy,
having blurred vision, or a change in thinking
clearly. Avoid driving, doing other tasks or activities
that require you to be alert or have clear vision
until you see how this medicine affects you. -
Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly over several minutes
from sitting or lying position. Be careful climbing.
|
| Nadolol |
- If you have an allergy
to nadolol or any other part of this medicine.
- If you have any of the following conditions:
Severely weakened heart or slow heartbeat without
a working pacemaker.
- If you are more than 12 weeks pregnant.
|
- Feeling lightheaded, sleepy,
having blurred vision, or a change in thinking
clearly. Avoid driving, doing other tasks or activities
that require you to be alert or have clear vision
until you see how this medicine affects you. -
Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly over several minutes
from sitting or lying position. Be careful climbing.
- Change in sexual ability or desire. This
is usually reversible.
|
| Hydrochlorothiazide |
- If you have an allergy
to hydrochlorothiazide or any other part of this
medicine.
- If you have a sulfonamide ("sulfa")
allergy, talk with healthcare provider. - If
you have kidney disease.
|
- Low potassium level. Signs include
feeling tired, weak, numbness, or tingling; muscle
cramps; constipation; vomiting; or fast heartbeat.
- Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly over several minutes
from sitting or lying position. Be careful climbing.
- Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent meals,
frequent mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free
candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help.
- Dry mouth.
|
| Cefotaxime |
If you have an allergy
to cefotaxime or any other part of this medicine. |
- Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent
meals, frequent mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free
candy, or chewing sugar-free gum may help. -
Diarrhea. Yogurt may help.
|
| Lactulose |
- If you have an allergy to lactulose
or any other part of this medicine.
- If you are on a low-galactose or lactose-free
diet. - If you are taking other laxatives.
|
- Belly pain or heartburn.
- Diarrhea.
|
| Midodrine |
- If you have an allergy
to midodrine or any part of this medicine -
If you have Pheochromocytoma
- If you have severe “high” thyroid
disease
- If you have severe heart disease
|
- High blood pressure in the standing
position.
- Goosebumps, itching, rash.
- Difficulty with urination, pain on urination,
excessive thirst.
- Numbness and tingling.
- Belly pain
|
| Octreotide |
If you have an allergy
to octreotide or any other part of this medicine. |
- Slow heartbeat, irregular heartbeat,
chest pain, shortness of breath.
- High blood sugar levels, occasionally with enlargement
of hands, feet, and head.
- Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent meals, frequent
mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy, or
chewing sugar-free gum may help.
- Fatigue, headache, dizziness.
- Hair loss
- Belly ache |
| Orlistat |
- If you have an allergy to orlistat
or any other part of this medicine. - If you
have any of the following conditions: Cholestasis,
poor absorption, or poor nutrition.
- If you are pregnant or may be pregnant.
- If you are breast-feeding.
|
- Headache. - Belly
pain.
- Gas with discharge, oily spotting, and feeling
the need to go to the bathroom. |
| Phenobarbital |
- If you have an allergy to phenobarbital
or any other part of this medicine. - Tell
healthcare provider if you are allergic to any
medicine. Make sure to tell about the allergy
and how it affected you. This includes telling
about rash; hives; itching; shortness of breath;
wheezing; cough; swelling of face, lips, tongue,
or throat; or any other symptoms involved.
- If you have any of the following conditions:
Blockage in the airway, liver disease, porphyria,
or shortness of breath.
- If you are pregnant or may be pregnant.
- If you are breast-feeding. |
- Feeling lightheaded,
sleepy, having blurred vision, or a change in
thinking clearly. Avoid driving, doing other tasks
or activities that require you to be alert or
have clear vision until you see how this medicine
affects you. - Feeling dizzy. Rise slowly over
several minutes from sitting or lying position.
Be careful climbing.
|
| Clofibrate |
- If you have an allergy
to clofibrate or any other part of this medicine.
- If you have any of the following conditions:
Kidney disease or liver disease.
|
- Belly pain or heartburn. -
Nausea or vomiting. Small frequent meals, frequent
mouth care, sucking hard, sugar-free candy,
or chewing sugar-free gum may help.
|
| Acetaminophen
(paracetamol) intoxication |
Treatment |
Indication |
Dose |
| N-Acetylcysteine |
(1) Patients who have
swallowed more than 7.5 grams.
(2) High blood acetaminophen levels in the first
four hours after ingesting the pills, or blood
levels >10 mcg/kg at any time after ingesting
the pills.
(3) Laboratory evidence of liver damage
|
- 140 mg per kg of body weight
by mouth followed by 17 doses of 70 mg per kg
of body weight by mouth every 4 hours (total dose
1330 mg/kg).
- Alternative is 150 mg per kg of body weight
by intravenous administration given over 15 minutes
followed by 50 mg per kg by of body weight by
intravenous administration given over 4 hours
followed by 100 mg per kg of body weight by intravenous
administration given over 16 hours.
|
| |
|
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